Swallow-Tailed Kite
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Scientific Name:
Elanoides forficatus Native
Description
Raptor with long, pointed wings and a long and deeply forked tail. White head, neck, underwing linings, and under parts; black upper parts, flight feathers, and tail. Juveniles similar to adults but white of head and body has slight buffy cast. Largest of the North American kites—adults range from 20 to 24 inches in length, with a wingspan of more than 4.25 feet.
Range and Habitat
Found in areas with tall trees that can be used for nesting and open areas to catch prey. Prefers lowland areas particularly in the coastal plain along river systems. Nesting kites like pines adjacent to swampland. Northern subspecies is found from South Carolina to Florida and west to Louisiana; southern subspecies is found from southeastern Mexico to northern South America. Winters in South America.
Behavior
Primarily eats insects but also small vertebrates like frogs and nestling birds, especially during breeding season. Catches and eats most prey while in flight. Build nests of twigs lined with Spanish moss up to nearly 20 inches across near the tops of large trees along rivers or forest openings. Lays 2 or 3 eggs which are shades of white with brown and reddish brown markings. Males and females incubate the eggs for about 28 days. Young fledge (develop feathers for flight) at 5 to 6 weeks.
Population Status
Ranked as S1S2B (breeding population is imperiled) in Louisiana. Threats to population include harassment by humans, low-flying aircraft, and habitat loss from agricultural and urban development, logging, and flood control.
More Information/References
Swallow-tailed kite fact sheet
